A3) Primer on technology advancement and readiness
Last updated on : 19 December 2025
Extract from TTO Handbook
Exercises and case studies
None
* Readers are free to suggest relevant exercises or case studies for the topic by clicking on the “Share your feedback” button on top of the page.
References and additional reading/viewing
- BIRAC: BIRAC-TRLs: Technology Readiness Levels by BIRAC across areas under Biotechnology.
- NASA: Technology Readiness Levels. 27 September 2023
- Disruptive Innovation: Technology Readiness Level (TRL) – Innovation Management (Video)
- Physics Today: The road from academia to entrepreneurship. Volume 74. Issue 10. October 2021
Credits
- Page Editor: Meghana Bhandari
- Expert Lecturers: NA
- Contributors: Meghana Bhandari, Hiran Vedam
- Chief Editor: Premnath Venugopalan
* Names of contributors arranged in alphabetical order of the first letter of their last name.
About the Tech Transfer Online Manual
This manual is meant as a practical guide for practicing technology transfer professionals in academic and research institutions. The manual focuses on practical insights for practitioners from other practitioners. This manual has been developed by Venture Center’s Regional Tech Transfer Office, TechEx.in (supported by BIRAC/NBM). It draws content partly from resources created under UNIDO’s FLCTD project (supported by UNIDO, BEE, and GEF) and partly from resources developed during various Venture Center workshops.
Version no: 1 : As of 16 August 2025
About the Contributors
This manual is the collective effort of several tech transfer experts and practitioners (names mentioned in alphabetical order of the first letter of their last name) including International Experts (Richard Cahoon, John Fraser, Ashley Stevens), Indian Experts (Aravind Chinchure, Rajkumar Hirwani, Anuradha Narasimhan, Hiran Vedam, Premnath Venugopalan), TechEx.in team (Pradnya Aradhye, Meghana Bhandari, Shruti Devasthali, Neha Jacob, Archana Joshi, Niruta Killedar, Manasi Lele, Mugdha Lele, Kavita Parekh, Vedang Pawar, Manisha Premnath, Vidula Walimbe) and the UNIDO team (Nitesh Kaushik, Sandeep Tandon). This manual has been created under the FLCTD project of UNIDO led by Gerswynn Mckuur supported by UNIDO, BEE and GEF.
Cite as: Tech Transfer Online Manual – https://manual.techtransfer.online/a3/